2023
Civil Registration Centre for Development, The Hague and The Wits Institute for Social and Economic Research, Johannesburg
21—24 April 2015
Many countries around the world, but especially the poorest countries in Africa, Latin America and Asia, face a choice in the current generation in the development of the basic administrative systems for registering the identities of their people. These registration infrastructures are of tremendous significance to the architecture of states, setting up the foundations of state capacity and citizens' entitlements, the media they interact with and the key agents of institutional development. On the one hand are older (often pen- and paper-based) state systems for establishing and recording civil registration events: births, deaths, marriages, divorces especially. On the other hand there are newer computerised registration systems, the increasing use of advanced biometrics, and sometimes a connection to firms providing financial services. Social scientists are, simultaneously, developing much more sophisticated tools for studying the evolution, effects and administrative workings of the many different forms of registration that exist globally (Breckenridge and Szreter, 2012; About, Brown, and Lonergan 2013).
An extensive body of international and national law is informed by civil registration practices that have a history of more than 2,000 years during which the basics of the practice barely changed (e.g. Hukou in China since Qin). Countries in the West and the Far East have been successful in reaching registration completeness. On the other hand there are over 100 countries where stagnation has been common, investment in civil registration systems has been negligible. But many of the same countries replace their national IDs or introduce them anew, at high cost. Research firm Acuity estimates that over USD 50 billion will be invested in national e-IDs during the 2013—2018 period. Biometric identity cards are increasingly used for the delivery of government services. Elections have become much more frequent following democratization in Africa and Asia. Expensive biometric voter registration has become more common, to the extent that the UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon found it necessary to warn against their use by the poorest countries in the world.
At this colloquium social scientists and policy researchers will examine the various forms of civil registration and identification currently used and introduced around the world to consider the opportunities and implications of the choices that poor states, in particular, currently face. The conference will allow us to consider what is now a formidable body of established research across many fields, but it will also allow us to commence mapping out a set of comparative questions that will frame research and support policy makers in designing the best possible recommendations for the states that must still confront the intractable difficulties of mass identity registration.
Modern civil registration makes use of the latest information and communication technology, supported by modern law. In developing countries intelligent solutions to expand affordable government outreach, given many people’s financial inability and willingness to reach and access civil registration offices, are key.
The industrial revolution in England would not have occurred if not for civil registration, according to historian Simon Szreter, Cambridge University (UK). Every developed country has an adequate civil registration system (and identification systems based on it). No developing country government could afford to not repeat history and not lay the basis for a sophisticated society, the rule of law and the enforceability of contracts for economic transactions through complete registration. The quiet revolution in the provision of social protection through cash transfers in more and more countries offers an excellent opportunity to provide incentives for registration, empower beneficiaries and get the targeting right. The total cost of India’s Aadhaar project to provide an ID to every Indian citizen, that cost $2 per person, is equivalent only to 4% of the country’s annual expenditure on social transfer programs. But national IDs require the civil registration system to generate the breeder documents for the national ID as a structural, long-term solution.
Jaap van der Straaten
Co-Founder | Senior Partner
Onno M. van der Straaten
Chief Information Officer
Deirdre Mayers
Executive Secretary
Max
Mental Coach
Many of our Associate Partners have personal "brands" that help complement our work at CRCR4D. We support and encourage the development of these brands as much as we do for CRC4D's reputation and "brand".
Our Associate Partners do great work. While they do it their way, we care about the how, the when and the what. The where matters to us to keep costs down and be caring to the environment.
We expand that to the care we give to our reports. We write our reports with one purpose in mind: to further the attainment of a legal identity for all in the very best way we can. It implies that we strive to be inclusive, to understand and to respect the broad spectrum of stakeholder views and interests that are so quintessential for civil registration and identity management.
2011
UNICEF Montenegro
2011
UNICEF Eastern- and Southern Africa
2011
UNICEF South Sudan
2012
UNICEF Uganda/Eastern- and Southern Africa, Western- and Central Africa Regional Offices
2012
UNICEF Cote d'Ivoire/Eastern- and Southern Africa, Western- and Central Africa Regional Offices
2013
UNICEF
2013
Plan Haiti
2014
UNICEF
2014
UNICEF
2014
UNICEF
2014
UNICEF Africa
2014
UNICEF Africa
2014
UNICEF Africa
2014
UNICEF Africa
2015
UNICEF Africa
2015
UNICEF Africa
2015
UNICEF East Asia and Pacific
2015
CRC4D
2015
Open Society Justice Initiative & CRC4D
2015
Open Society Justice Initiative & CRC4D
2015
World Bank Group, Congo
2016
World Bank Group, Cameroon
2016
World Bank Group, Cameroon & Global Financing Facility
2017
World Bank Group, São Tomé e Príncipe
2017
World Bank Group, Zambia
2017
World Bank Group, Republique Centrafricaine
The benefits to be gained from a functioning civil registration system are substantive – however, the complexities of implementation must be overcome before they can be reaped.
Some 1.5 billion people don’t have an official proof of identity, which greatly limits their ability to access services and escape poverty. Thanks to digital innovation, countries now have the power to efficiently change that.
Singer and UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador Angelique Kidjo visits her country, Benin, and promotes birth registration as a means to prevent child trafficking.
UNICEF reports on a discussion about the importance of birth registration, at United Nations Headquarters in New York.
Civil registrars from 13 countries gathered in Uganda looking for solutions to improve birth registration across the continent. More than half of sub-Saharan Africa's children are not registered at birth, a result of antiquated systems, poor infrastructure and lack of broad-based inclusion.
High-end shopping, antiques, galleries and first-class hotels and restaurants are around the corner. Parliament buildings, the Peace Palace, the office of the King at the "Noordeinde Palace", the International Institute of Social Studies (ISS) and the Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute (NIDI) are withing walking distance, as are embassies for more than a hundred countries. The Scheveningen beach with its landmark "Kurhaus" is a tram ride of 10 minutes away.
The office, a beautifully restored 19th century building, is perfectly accessible by car as well as by any means of public transport. Parking is possible near the building and across the street in a large car park under the "Malieveld".
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